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Smyrna   Fountain Drainage channel Retaining wall at end of channel Retaining wall to store drainage water     Cistern Cistern Fountain Fountain Channel Channel and cistern entrance at gate Well Well Channel under stone slabs

Nabataean City of Petra (Jordan) Nabataean Petra began around 300 BC from nomadic settlement origins.  The city was also occupied starting around 106 AD with final occupation to the 7th century AD.  Petra location was located between Egyptian, Babylonian, and … Continue reading →

The Minoans were a great Bronze Age civilization that peaked during the second millennium B.C. on Crete.  They had built multistory complexes, now referred to as “palaces,” which were actually distribution centers for large quantities of goods such as olive oil, wine, and … Continue reading →

The Aqueducts of Rome Gilbert Bagnani – “The sport of aqueduct trailing is a delightful one, which entails, however, a very considerable amount of physical energy,” The Roman Campagna and its Treasures, Methuen & Company Limited, p. 203. From the … Continue reading →