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Water technologies in the pre-Columbian Americas: The Inca
INCA The Inca civilization emerged from fragmented independent societies by ca. 1000 AD (D’Altroy, 2003). The extent of the Inca Empire included parts of modern day Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. The small city-state of Cuzco became the … Continue reading
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Ancient Water Technologies and Hydraulic Devices
Ancient Water Technologies Qanat, foggara (North Africa) , falaj (United Arab Emirates, Arabia), khattara/ketthara (Morocco), galerias (Spain), karez/kariz (Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan), kanjering (China), which is a collection and conveyance system for groundwater that was originally developed in Persia. Greek Water Technologies Forthcoming … Continue reading
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Water Technologies on Crete- post Minoans
Romans on Crete Roman fountain at Chersonisos, Crete Mosaic on fountain shows a fisherman and many fish. Closeup of fish and fisherman Cistern complex near Chersonisos Gortyn Dreros (built on the slope of Mount Kadistos) Steps leading down into cistern at Dreros … Continue reading
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Roman Water Technologies in France
Aqueduct of Nemausus near Nimes France Aqueduct bridge of the Pont du Gard of the aquedcut of Nemausus Tunnel of aqueduct just upstream of the aqueduct bridge (Pont du Gard). Channel on the aqudeuct bridge. Remains of aqueduct showing small … Continue reading
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Water Technologies of Ancient Athens, Greece
The Acropolis Archaic (750 – 480 BC) and Classical (480 – 323) Periods Peisistratean aqueduct – constructed in Athens during the time of tyrant Peisistratos and descendents, ca. 510 BC. This aqueduct carried water from the foothill of Hymettos mountain (probably … Continue reading
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Minoan Water Systems on Crete
The Minoans were a great Bronze Age civilization that peaked during the second millennium B.C. on Crete. They had built multistory complexes, now referred to as “palaces,” which were actually distribution centers for large quantities of goods such as olive oil, wine, and … Continue reading
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Ancient Water Systems of Turkey
The remains of hydraulic works from 4000 years make Anatolia one of the overwhelming open-air museums of its kind. – Professor Unal Ozis Aqueduct of Mylasa Aqueduct arcade of aqueduct that supplied Mylasa located at Milas, Turkey Aqueduct arcade of … Continue reading
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Water Technologies of Ancient Rome and Surrounding Areas
The Aqueducts of Rome Gilbert Bagnani – “The sport of aqueduct trailing is a delightful one, which entails, however, a very considerable amount of physical energy,” The Roman Campagna and its Treasures, Methuen & Company Limited, p. 203. From the … Continue reading
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Roman Water Technologies in Spain
Chuelva, Spain Tarragona, Spain Tarragona, Spain (Photo copyright by Susi K. Mays) Ancient Emerita Augustus – Merida, Spain In 25 B.C. Emerita Augusta (present day Merida, Spain) became a colony and a century later the Romans had built an extensive … Continue reading
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The Serino aqueduct was constructed (33 to 12 B.C.) during the Augustus period of the Roman Empire and extended approximately 100 km from its origin (the Acquaro-Pelosi spring in the village of Serino) to Miseno. The aqueduct supplied water to Pompei, Herculaneum, … Continue reading